Welcome to a comprehensive collection of NEET Biology Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs). These questions are designed to enhance your understanding and prepare for NEET with our Biology MCQs. Get answers and explanations for better understanding.
Here are the Questions (MCQs) with Answers and Explanations:
- Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
- a) Nucleus
- b) Cell wall
- c) Ribosomes
- d) Plasma membrane
- Answer: a) Nucleus
- Explanation: Prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus; their genetic material is dispersed in the cytoplasm.
- What is the primary function of the mitochondria?
- a) Photosynthesis
- b) Cellular respiration
- c) Protein synthesis
- d) Lipid synthesis
- Answer: b) Cellular respiration
- Explanation: Mitochondria are known as the “powerhouses” of the cell, where cellular respiration occurs.
- Which blood type is considered the universal recipient?
- a) A
- b) B
- c) AB
- d) O
- Answer: c) AB
- Explanation: Blood type AB can receive blood from any type (A, B, AB, or O) without an immune reaction.
- In which part of the digestive system does most nutrient absorption occur?
- a) Stomach
- b) Small intestine
- c) Large intestine
- d) Esophagus
- Answer: b) Small intestine
- Explanation: The majority of nutrient absorption takes place in the small intestine.
- What is the function of red blood cells?
- a) Oxygen transport
- b) Digestion
- c) Hormone production
- d) Nerve signaling
- Answer: a) Oxygen transport
- Explanation: Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues.
- Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?
- a) Insulin
- b) Estrogen
- c) Testosterone
- d) Thyroxine
- Answer: a) Insulin
- Explanation: Insulin is produced by the pancreas and helps regulate blood glucose levels.
- Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
- a) Mitochondria
- b) Endoplasmic reticulum
- c) Golgi apparatus
- d) Lysosome
- Answer: b) Endoplasmic reticulum
- Explanation: The rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis and modification.
- What is the main function of the lymphatic system?
- a) Circulation of blood
- b) Digestion of food
- c) Immune defense
- d) Regulation of body temperature
- Answer: c) Immune defense
- Explanation: The lymphatic system plays a key role in the body’s immune response.
- Which of the following is a parasitic infection commonly transmitted by mosquitoes?
- a) Malaria
- b) Tuberculosis
- c) Influenza
- d) HIV/AIDS
- Answer: a) Malaria
- Explanation: Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites transmitted by mosquitoes.
- What is the largest organ in the human body?
- a) Brain
- b) Heart
- c) Skin
- d) Liver
- Answer: c) Skin
- Explanation: The skin is the body’s largest organ, serving as a protective barrier.
- Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system?
- a) Pumping blood
- b) Filtration of waste
- c) Exchange of gases
- d) Digestion of food
- Answer: c) Exchange of gases
- Explanation: The respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
- What is the role of DNA in genetics?
- a) Energy production
- b) Heredity and genetic information
- c) Enzyme activation
- d) Cell division
- Answer: b) Heredity and genetic information
- Explanation: DNA contains genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known living organisms.
- Which of the following is a viral disease?
- a) Tuberculosis
- b) Hepatitis
- c) Malaria
- d) Cholera
- Answer: b) Hepatitis
- Explanation: Hepatitis is caused by various viruses that affect the liver.
- What is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy?
- a) Photosynthesis
- b) Respiration
- c) Fermentation
- d) Glycolysis
- Answer: a) Photosynthesis
- Explanation: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and some other organisms convert light energy into glucose and oxygen.
- Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating vital functions such as heart rate and breathing?
- a) Cerebrum
- b) Cerebellum
- c) Medulla oblongata
- d) Thalamus
- Answer: c) Medulla oblongata
- Explanation: The medulla oblongata controls essential autonomic functions.
- What is the function of white blood cells in the immune system?
- a) Transport of oxygen
- b) Blood clotting
- c) Fighting infections
- d) Digestion of food
- Answer: c) Fighting infections
- Explanation: White blood cells play a crucial role in the body’s defense against infections.
- Which of the following is a function of the urinary system?
- a) Digestion of food
- b) Removal of metabolic waste
- c) Regulation of body temperature
- d) Production of insulin
- Answer: b) Removal of metabolic waste
- Explanation: The urinary system eliminates waste products and excess substances from the body.
- What is the main function of the pancreas in the digestive system?
- a) Storing bile
- b) Producing saliva
- c) Producing digestive enzymes and insulin
- d) Absorbing nutrients
- Answer: c) Producing digestive enzymes and insulin
- Explanation: The pancreas produces digestive enzymes and insulin for glucose regulation.
- Which of the following is a sexually transmitted infection (STI)?
- a) Influenza
- b) Tuberculosis
- c) Chlamydia
- d) Diabetes
- Answer: c) Chlamydia
- Explanation: Chlamydia is a common STI caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis.
- What is the primary function of the small hair-like structures called cilia in the respiratory system?
- a) Gas exchange
- b) Filtration of blood
- c) Moving mucus and debris
- d) Digesting food
- Answer: c) Moving mucus and debris
- Explanation: Cilia in the respiratory tract help remove mucus and foreign particles from the airways.
- Which of the following is responsible for the transmission of nerve impulses between neurons?
- a) Hormones
- b) Synapses
- c) Antibodies
- d) Red blood cells
- Answer: b) Synapses
- Explanation: Synapses are specialized junctions that allow nerve impulses to be transmitted between neurons.
- What is the function of the gallbladder in the digestive system?
- a) Producing bile
- b) Storing bile
- c) Absorbing nutrients
- d) Filtering blood
- Answer: b) Storing bile
- Explanation: The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver until it is needed for digestion.
- Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?
- a) Detoxification
- b) Blood filtration
- c) Metabolism of nutrients
- d) Bile production
- Answer: b) Blood filtration
- Explanation: The liver primarily plays a role in detoxification, metabolism, and bile production.
- What is the main function of the ribosomes in a cell?
- a) Energy production
- b) Protein synthesis
- c) Lipid synthesis
- d) DNA replication
- Answer: b) Protein synthesis
- Explanation: Ribosomes are the cellular structures where proteins are synthesized.
- Which of the following is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland?
- a) Insulin
- b) Thyroxine
- c) Testosterone
- d) Estrogen
- Answer: b) Thyroxine
- Explanation: Thyroxine (T4) is produced by the thyroid gland and regulates metabolism.
- Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
- a) Pulmonary vein
- b) Pulmonary artery
- c) Aorta
- d) Vena cava
- Answer: a) Pulmonary vein
- Explanation: The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart.
- Which of the following is an autoimmune disease affecting the joints?
- a) Diabetes
- b) Lupus
- c) Tuberculosis
- d) Parkinson’s disease
- Answer: b) Lupus
- Explanation: Lupus is an autoimmune disease that can affect various parts of the body, including joints.
- What is the primary function of the adrenal glands?
- a) Digestion
- b) Blood clotting
- c) Regulation of blood pressure and stress response
- d) Filtration of waste
- Answer: c) Regulation of blood pressure and stress response
- Explanation: The adrenal glands produce hormones that regulate blood pressure and respond to stress.
- Which of the following is a viral disease that affects the liver and can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer?
- a) Influenza
- b) Tuberculosis
- c) Hepatitis
- d) Cholera
- Answer: c) Hepatitis
- Explanation: Hepatitis viruses can cause liver inflammation and long-term damage.
- What is the process by which an organism develops from a single cell into a complex multicellular organism?
- a) Metabolism
- b) Homeostasis
- c) Embryogenesis
- d) Adaptation
- Answer: c) Embryogenesis
- Explanation: Embryogenesis is the process of development from a single fertilized egg cell to a multicellular organism.
- Which of the following is the site of gas exchange in the human respiratory system?
- a) Trachea
- b) Bronchi
- c) Alveoli
- d) Larynx
- Answer: c) Alveoli
- Explanation: The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.
- What is the main function of the nephrons in the kidneys?
- a) Production of urine
- b) Filtration of blood
- c) Regulation of body temperature
- d) Storage of urine
- Answer: b) Filtration of blood
- Explanation: Nephrons are the functional units of the kidneys responsible for filtering blood and producing urine.
- Which of the following is NOT a component of the central nervous system (CNS)?
- a) Brain
- b) Spinal cord
- c) Peripheral nerves
- d) All of the above are part of the CNS
- Answer: c) Peripheral nerves
- Explanation: Peripheral nerves are not part of the central nervous system.
- What is the role of platelets in the blood?
- a) Oxygen transport b) Blood clotting
- c) Fighting infections
- d) Digestion of food
- Answer: b) Blood clotting
- Explanation: Platelets are essential for blood clot formation to prevent excessive bleeding.
- Which of the following is a disorder characterized by the body’s inability to regulate blood sugar levels?
- a) Diabetes
- b) Hypertension
- c) Hyperthyroidism
- d) Anemia
- Answer: a) Diabetes
- Explanation: Diabetes is a condition where the body has difficulty regulating blood glucose levels.
- What is the function of the thymus gland in the immune system?
- a) Production of antibodies
- b) Production of red blood cells
- c) Maturation of T-lymphocytes
- d) Digestion of proteins
- Answer: c) Maturation of T-lymphocytes
- Explanation: The thymus gland plays a role in the maturation of T-lymphocytes (T cells) crucial for immune responses.
- Which of the following is responsible for carrying oxygen in the bloodstream?
- a) Red blood cells
- b) White blood cells
- c) Platelets
- d) Plasma
- Answer: a) Red blood cells
- Explanation: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds and carries oxygen.
- Which part of the eye is responsible for focusing on objects at different distances?
- a) Cornea
- b) Retina
- c) Lens
- d) Iris
- Answer: c) Lens
- Explanation: The lens of the eye adjusts its shape to focus light on the retina for clear vision.
- What is the main function of the large intestine (colon) in the digestive system?
- a) Digestion of carbohydrates
- b) Absorption of nutrients
- c) Reabsorption of water and formation of feces
- d) Production of bile
- Answer: c) Reabsorption of water and formation of feces
- Explanation: The large intestine absorbs water and forms feces for elimination.
- Which of the following hormones is responsible for the “fight or flight” response in stressful situations?
- a) Estrogen
- b) Testosterone
- c) Adrenaline (epinephrine)
- d) Insulin
- Answer: c) Adrenaline (epinephrine)
- Explanation: Adrenaline is released by the adrenal glands in response to stress, preparing the body for action.
- What is the primary function of the cerebellum in the brain?
- a) Memory storage
- b) Language processing
- c) Coordination and balance
- d) Vision processing
- Answer: c) Coordination and balance
- Explanation: The cerebellum plays a crucial role in coordinating movement and maintaining balance.
- Which of the following is a hormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates sleep-wake cycles?
- a) Melatonin
- b) Serotonin
- c) Insulin
- d) Thyroxine
- Answer: a) Melatonin
- Explanation: Melatonin is produced by the pineal gland and helps regulate the body’s circadian rhythms.
- Which type of tissue covers and protects the body’s external surface and lines internal organs and cavities?
- a) Muscle tissue
- b) Connective tissue
- c) Epithelial tissue
- d) Nervous tissue
- Answer: c) Epithelial tissue
- Explanation: Epithelial tissue forms the covering of the body’s surfaces and lines internal structures.
- What is the function of the lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?
- a) Production of lymph
- b) Filtration of blood
- c) Immune response and filtering lymph
- d) Oxygen transport
- Answer: c) Immune response and filtering lymph
- Explanation: Lymph nodes filter lymph and play a role in the immune response.
- Which of the following is a disorder characterized by the immune system’s attack on its own body tissues?
- a) Diabetes
- b) Arthritis
- c) Hypertension
- d) Anemia
- Answer: b) Arthritis
- Explanation: Arthritis is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system targets joints.
- Which of the following is the smallest unit of life that can carry out all the functions of an organism?
- a) Cell
- b) Organ
- c) Tissue
- d) Organism
- Answer: a) Cell
- Explanation: Cells are the basic structural and functional units of all living organisms.
- What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in the brain?
- a) Muscle coordination
- b) Temperature regulation and hormone control
- c) Memory storage
- d) Vision processing
- Answer: b) Temperature regulation and hormone control
- Explanation: The hypothalamus regulates body temperature, hormone release, and other vital functions.
- What is the function of the spleen in the immune system? a) Blood clotting b) Digestion of proteins c) Immune response and blood filtration d) Oxygen transport
- Answer: c) Immune response and blood filtration
- Explanation: The spleen filters blood and plays a role in the immune response.
- Which of the following is a condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood?
- a) Hemophilia
- b) Leukemia
- c) Anemia
- d) Thrombosis
- Answer: c) Anemia
- Explanation: Anemia is a condition where the blood lacks an adequate number of red blood cells or hemoglobin.
- What is the process by which a cell divides into two identical daughter cells?
- a) Meiosis
- b) Mitosis
- c) Fertilization
- d) Replication
- Answer: b) Mitosis
- Explanation: Mitosis is the cell division process that results in two genetically identical daughter cells.
In conclusion, these NEET Biology MCQs provide valuable practice and insights to help you excel in your exam. Practice, understand, and boost your confidence for NEET with our comprehensive questions and answers.
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